The various themes are found in Othello, a tragic drama by William Shakespeare. Understanding Othello as a drama and recognizing Shakespeare's social and political commentary depends on themes. The main themes in Othello are reflected in the morals and desires of the characters.

Love:

Love is portrayed in Othello as a force that can transcend both big and minor challenges. It can be derailed, but it is eternal. Desdemona has access to Othello's heart but not his thinking, and it gives him passion but no direction. varied characters have varied definitions of love and what that entails.

Othello discovers that marriage love requires time to establish trust, and his antagonist moves too rapidly to seize that time. Desdemona develops a steady attachment that Othello cannot match based on the couple's first attraction, which is based on passion.

Iago frequently pretends to love and affection for Cassio and Roderigo while betraying them both. Iago uses love as a weapon. Othello, who is envious, interprets Desdemona's genuine friendship with Cassio as adulterous love. 

The real friendship between Emilia and Desdemona was evident when she testified in defense of her murdered mistress against her liar of a husband and was assassinated as a result.

Appearance and Reality:

In Othello, reality and appearance both play significant roles. Othello believes that evidence of the truth must be seen to be believed. Investigate something to the point where its true nature becomes apparent to "prove" it. 

Othello issues Iago's requests "Villain, be certain you can prove my love is a whore; be certain of it, and provide me with the visual evidence."(Act 3, Scene 3).

Instead, Iago provides him with fictitious images of Cassio and Desdemona to stoke his envy. These images predominate Othello's thoughts as he starts to lose consciousness. 

He is taken in by the conventional symbolism of white for goodness and black for evil when he observes Desdemona's whiteness. That symbolism comes back to haunt him whenever he is uncertain, and despite his experience, he can't help but believe it.

Jealousy:

Othello seems to be destroyed by jealousy. It's the feeling that Iago suggested to him in Act 3, Scene 3. Iago believes he understands jealousy because he has practiced it with Emilia to the point where she thinks it is a trait of males. 

However, Iago's jealousy is a poor, weak thought in comparison to the jealous tempest he provokes in Othello.

Iago had observed Othello's propensity for exaggeration and insecurity, but not even Iago foresaw Othello's depth of jealousy. Othello's mind is so firmly fixed on the notion that Desdemona has betrayed him by pairing him up with Cassio due to jealousy that no reassurance or justification can pierce it. Such an obsession trumps Othello's regard for justice, common sense, and reason.

Othello's rising jealousy drives him insane to the point that he kills Desdemona. Othello gets better after realizing that she was innocent and that he killed her unfairly. He can once more assess the size of his life and lament the horrible deed he has committed. He speaks rationally and calmly once more, passing judgment, condemning, and eventually killing himself.

Prejudice:

Desdemona and Othello are both acutely aware of the underlying atmosphere of racial discrimination in Venetian society, without which Iago's plan would not have succeeded. 

Desdemona, a character from Shakespeare, combats prejudice by keeping it out of her own life. She intentionally only shows loyalty to her marriage and her love for Othello.

However, Othello is unaware of how profoundly prejudice has permeated his mentality. This ingrained bias makes him feel inferior with ideas like "I am not attractive," "I am not worthy of Desdemona," "It cannot be true that she loves me," and "If she loves me, then there must be something wrong with her.

Othello can't express his worries and concerns to Desdemona directly because of these ideas, which are fueled by Iago's hints and lies, so he makes hasty assumptions instead. 

Othello would have needed to be nearly flawless in terms of strength and self-awareness to endure the combined assault of internalized discrimination and the aimed venom of Iago, and that is an unfair expectation for anyone.